What is the process of composting primarily about?

The process of composting is primarily about the biological decomposition of organic materials. During composting, microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, break down organic matter like food scraps, yard waste, and other biodegradable materials into a nutrient-rich soil amendment known as compost. This process is not only vital for recycling nutrients back into the soil but also helps improve soil health, enhance water retention, and promote biodiversity within the soil ecosystem.

The other options, while they touch on important agricultural practices, don't define composting. Conserving water resources in farming focuses on irrigation management rather than the decomposition process. Filtering wastewater from farms relates to water quality management and does not involve organic matter decomposition. Finally, transporting waste to landfills pertains to waste management rather than composting, which seeks to recycle organic materials instead of discarding them.