What is nutrient runoff?

Nutrient runoff refers to the movement of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, from land surfaces into water bodies. This process typically occurs after rainfall or irrigation, where excess nutrients on the soil surface are washed away and transported into nearby rivers, lakes, or streams. This can lead to several environmental issues, including water pollution and eutrophication, which can deplete oxygen levels in water and disrupt aquatic ecosystems.

Understanding nutrient runoff is critical for effective nutrient management practices, as it helps identify strategies to minimize these losses and protect water quality. Ensuring that nutrients are utilized efficiently by crops and not allowed to leave the agricultural system can help sustain both agricultural productivity and environmental health.