What causes the formation of a plow pan?

The formation of a plow pan is primarily caused by the impact of moisture during tillage operations. When a field is tilled under wet conditions, soil particles can be compacted, as the weight of the tillage equipment compresses the soil. This compaction creates a dense layer in the subsurface, often referred to as a plow pan, that can restrict root growth and impede water and nutrient movement through the soil profile.

This phenomenon emphasizes the importance of proper soil moisture management during tillage operations to avoid creating such layers that can adversely affect crop growth. Understanding this concept is crucial for effective nutrient management and promoting healthy soil structure.